This is not the study I referred to above, but it is one that tackles the issue. I found this with a Google search. The last sentence sums it up nicely (so I boldfaced it). I found the information at
http://www2.dgsys.com/~ermiller/earlys-n.html
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From "Gonadectomy in immature dogs: Effects on skeletal, physical and behavioral development", JAVMA April 1, 1991, Vol. 198 No 7, Salmeri et al. pp 1193-1203.
Summary: In a 15-month study, the effects of prepubertal gonadectomy on skeletal growth, weight gain, food intake, body fat, secondary sex characteritics and behavioral development were investigated in 32 mixed breed dogs. Male and female pups from 5 litters were randomly allotted to 3 gropus: group I neuter at 7 weeks (n=14), group II neuter at 7 months (n=8) and group III, sexually intact dogs (n=10).
Growth plate closure was delayed (group I vs. group III; group II vs. group III) in all neutered dogs as compared with sexually intact dogs. Growth plate closure was delayed longer (group I vs. group II) in dogs neutered at 7 weeks old compared to dogs neutered at 7 montsh old. The rate of growth was unaffected by gonadectomy, but the extended growth period resulted in greater final radial/ulnar length in all male dogs and bitches neutered at 7 weeks. Gonadectomy did not influence food intake, weight gain, or back-fat depth. Penile development was immature in the adult group-I males (Mean +- SEM diameter of pars glandis = 11.1 +- 1.0 mm) compared with the adult group II (16.3 +- 0.5mm) and group III (21.0 +- 2.2 mm) males. Subjectively, the prepuce and os penis of the group-I males were immature, compared with those of the group II and group III males. Vulvar development in the group I and group II bitches was less mature than vulvar development in the sexually intact bitches. Of 7 behavioral characteristics assesed, only general activity and excitability rated differently amont the treatment groups. All neutered dogs were judged to be more active <> than sexually intact dogs. Group I males were judged to be more excitable than group III males.
It was concluded that with respect to skeletal, physical, and behavioral devleopment, the effect of neutering pups at 7 weeks old was similar to that of neutering pups at 7 months old.
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